Spirits Consumption

Self-reported intake of distilled alcoholic beverages (vodka, gin, whiskey, etc.), in servings per week. In published literature, higher intake has been associated with increased incidence of liver disease, certain cancers, and other adverse health outcomes. These results are based on an analysis of self-reported survey questions and reflect statistical associations.

Spirits Consumption VMR Male Spirits Consumption RR Male Spirits Consumption VMR Female Spirits Consumption RR Female

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