Vitamin D Level
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for calcium absorption, bone health, and immune function. It also supports muscle strength and may influence mood and inflammation. Sunlight exposure induces Vitamin D production, but it can also be sourced from foods like fatty fish, eggs, and fortified dairy, or through supplements. Low vitamin D levels are common and may contribute to bone disorders such as osteoporosis. Testing is typically recommended for individuals at risk of deficiency, including those with limited sun exposure, darker skin, or certain chronic conditions. Maintaining adequate levels supports overall musculoskeletal and metabolic health. [73] [74]
[73]Holick MF. Vitamin D Status: Measurement, Interpretation, and Clinical Application. Ann Epidemiol. 2009;19(2):73-78. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.12.001
[74]Vitamin D testing and treatment: a narrative review of current evidence in: Endocrine Connections Volume 8 Issue 2 (2019). Accessed November 6, 2025. https://ec.bioscientifica.com/configurable/content/journals$002fec$002f8$002f2$002fEC-18-0432.xml?source=post_page-----8b7fff9b56e8----------------------&t:ac=journals%24002fec%24002f8%24002f2%24002fEC-18-0432.xml -->
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